Computational Study of Fenestration and Parallel Grafts Used in Aortic Arch Lesion / 医用生物力学

Objective To explore hemodynamics of the aortic arch and supraarch vessels after thoracic endovascular aortic repair with fenestration and parallel grafts techniques, and compare the differences of these techniques. Methods Four patients with aortic arch lesions whose supraarch vessels were reconstructed by different surgical techniques (fenestration, chimney and periscope) were studied, and three-dimensional (3D) geometric models were established based on postoperative image data. The physiological flow obtained from two dimensional (2D) phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging were imposed on the ascending aorta inlet and the supraarch vessels outlets. The pressure waveform of 3-element Windkessel model was imposed on the descending aorta outlet. Through computational fluid dynamics ( CFD ) simulations, the hemodynamic parameters were obtained, including the pressure of supraarch vessels, the velocity vector of the stent inlet, and the relative residence time. Results The pressure change of the periscope stent was the largest, followed by the fenestration stent, and the pressure change of the chimney stent was the smallest. The velocity of the fenestration and periscope stent inlet was uneven, which might form vortex. The velocity of the chimney stent inlet was even. The high relative residence time concentrated in distal end of the fenestration stent outer wall, the ‘gutter’ part, and the place where the chimney and periscope stent adhered to the vessel wall. Conclusions The pressure difference between the inner and outer walls of the fenestration and periscope stent was high, so it was recommended to use the balloon-expandable stent. The pressure difference between the inner and outer walls of the chimney stent was low, so it was recommended to use the self-expanding stent. The predicted location of thrombosis was consistent with the clinical follow-up data, so it may be used for surgical planning and risk assessment of interventional treatment of aortic arch lesions.

Imaging measurement and analysis of related indexes of variation of femoral head rotation center / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To provide guidance for hip replacement by analyzing the variation of femoral head rotation center in different hip diseases.@*METHODS@#A total of 5 459 patients were collected from March 2016 to June 2021, who took positive and proportional plain films of both hips for various reasons. The relative position between the rotation center of the femoral head and the apex of the greater trochanter was measured. The positive variation is more than 2 mm above the top of the great trochanter, and the negative variation is more than 2 mm below the top of the great trochanter. A total of 831 patients with variation of femoral head rotation center were collected and were divided into 4 groups according to different diseases, and the variation was counted respectively. There were 15 cases in the normal group involving 10 cases of positive variation and 5 cases of negative variation. There were 145 cases of avascular necrosis of femoral head involving 25 cases of positive variation and 120 cases of negative variation. There were 346 cases of congenital hip dysplasia involving 225 cases of positive variation(including 25 cases of typeⅠ, 70 cases of type Ⅱ, 115 cases of type Ⅲ and 15 cases of type Ⅳ), and 121 cases of negative variation(including 50 cases of crowe typeⅠ, 60 cases of typeⅡ, 10 cases of type Ⅲ and 1 case of type Ⅳ). There were 325 cases of hip osteoarthritis group involving 45 cases of positive variation and 280 cases of negative variation.@*RESULTS@#There was significant difference in variation of femoral head rotation center among the four groups(P<0.05). There was significant difference in variation of femoral head rotation center among different types of congenital hip dysplasia(P<0.05). There were significant differences in cervical trunk angle and eccentricity among different variations of femoral head rotation center(P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The variation of femoral head rotation center is related to cervical trunk angle and eccentricity. The variation of femoral head rotation center is an important factor in hip diseases. The variation of femoral head rotation center is different in different hip diseases. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head and osteoarthritis of the hip were mostly negative variations. With the aggravation of congenital hip dysplasia, the variation of femoral head rotation center gradually changed from negative variation to positive variation.The variation of femoral head rotation center should be paid attention to in the preoperative planning of hip arthroplasty. It is of great significance to select the appropriate prosthesis and place the prosthesis accurately.

Help-seeking efficacy and the intention of social assistance among medical care personnel during the major public health events / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To explore the help seeking efficacy and social assistance willingness of medical staff during major public health events, so as to provide basis for improving the psychological resources and service quality of medical staff and further optimizing the prevention and treatment policies. Methods: In February 2020, a convenient sampling method was used to conduct an online questionnaire survey on medical staff in Henan Province, and a total of 2136 questionnaires were collected. Among them, there were 1940 valid questionnaires, and the effective recovery rate was 90.82%. The questionnaire of help seeking efficacy and willingness to social assistance under epidemic situation was used to investigate the help seeking efficacy and willingness of medical staff. The frequency and rate (%) were used to analyze the overall situation of medical staff's help seeking efficacy and social assistance willingness. The differences among different demographic variables were tested by χ(2) test. Results: Among the 1940 medical and nursing staff, 18.81% (365/1940) did not know how to obtain appropriate psychological assistance. Compared with the low age group, the medical staff in the high age group had the ability of information query, the ability to occupy knowledge resources, the ability to distinguish rumors and facts and the sense of efficacy of obtaining appropriate medical help, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) . The willingness of medical and nursing staff to actively cooperate with the government, maintain social stability and volunteer work were 99.43% (1929/1940) , 98.81% (1917/1940) and 97.11% (1884/1940) . Conclusion: The medical staff had a higher sense of help seeking efficacy and willingness to social assistance. It is necessary to further strengthen the resource support of psychological, social and humanistic care for medical staff.

Establishment of large animal model of bicuspid aortic valve / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To discuss the feasibility of establishment of animal model of "functional" bicuspid aortic valve with swine and observe its effect on the wall shear stress inside the aorta. Methods    Four common Shanghai White Swine with body weight between 50 kg to 55 kg were selected. Under general anesthesia and cardiopulmonary bypass, the aortic transverse incision approach was used, continuous suture with 6-0 polypropylene to align the left and right coronary valve leaflets to create a bicuspid valve morphology. After the operation, echocardiography was used to observe the aortic valve morphology and the hemodynamic changes of the aortic valve orifice. The effect on the wall shear stress inside the aorta was studied with 4D-Flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results    A total of 4 swine "functional" bicuspid aortic valve models were established, with a success rate of 100.0%. Echocardiography showed that the blood flow velocity of the aortic valve orifice was faster than that before the operation (0.96 m/s vs. 1.80 m/s). 4D-Flow MRI showed abnormally increased wall shear stress and blood flow velocity in the aorta of the animal models. After the surgery, in model animals, the maximal wall shear stress inside the ascending aorta was greater than 1.36 Pa, and the maximum blood flow velocity was greater than 1.4 m/s. Conclusion    Establishment of the animal model of "functional" bicuspid aortic valve in swine is feasible, scientific and reliable. It can be used in researches on evaluating the pathophysiological changes.

Research Progress on Chemical Constituents， Pharmacological Effect and Clinical Applications of Daturae Flos / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Daturae Flos is a traditional antitussive and antiasthmatic medicine， its flowers and leaves are rich in a variety of compounds， including withanolides， alkaloids， terpenes， flavonoids and amides. Because of its antiasthmatic， antitussive， antispasmodic and analgesia effect， it is traditionally used for the treatment of asthma， cough， cold pain in abdominal cavity， rheumatic arthralgia， infantile chronic eclampsia， and can also be used as raw material for surgical anesthesia. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that in addition to the traditional efficacy， Daturae Flos also has anti-inflammatory， immunosuppression， anti-convulsion and other effects， and is often used in the treatment of psoriasis， Parkinson's disease， epilepsy， rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases. At present， the chemical constituents of Daturae Flos are mainly focused on withanolides and alkaloids. At the same time， there is a lack of clear classification of chemical components and the distribution of chemical components in medicinal parts of this medicine， and little information is available for the pharmacological effects of polysaccharides. Based on this， this paper systematically searched relevant literature of Daturae Flos， and summarized and analyzed its chemical composition， pharmacological effect and clinical application， in order to provide reference for further development and utilization of Daturae Flos.

Parents′ experiences of caring for children with chronic kidney disease: a qualitative Meta-synthesis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To systematically review parents ′ experience of caring for children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to fully understand care needs and improve the psychological state and caregiving quality of parents. Methods:The qualitative studies on parents ′ experience of caring for children with CKD were retrieved from following databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, CBM, and WanFang Data from inception to March 2020. The quality of included researches was evaluated according to the JBI Critical Appraisal Tool for qualitative studies in Australia. The results were integrated by pooled integration methods. Results:A total of 14 studies were included. 69 results were summarized and integrated to form 10 categories. These categories extracted 4 integrated results: parents' physical and mental condition are affected, relationship between parents and their support system has changed, reconstruction of parents ′ life, unmet care needs and problems. Conclusions:Parents are crucial to the disease management of children with CKD, so clinical medical staff should not only provide medical services for children, but also pay more attention to the psychological status and needs of parents, so as to provide guidance and support to promote parents to better implement care and disease management for children.

Optimization of polysaccharide extraction from Hippocampus by deep neural network and Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology / 中国中药杂志

In this paper, the extraction rate of crude polysaccharides and the yield of polysaccharides from Hippocampus served as test indicators. The comprehensive evaluation indicators were assigned by the R language combined with the entropy weight method. The Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology(BBD-RSM) and the deep neural network(DNN) were employed to screen the optimal parameters for the polysaccharide extraction from Hippocampus. These two modeling methods were compared and verified experimentally for the process optimization. This study provides a reference for the industrialization of effective component extraction from Chinese medicinals and achieves the effective combination of modern technology and traditional Chinese medicine.

A multicenter survey of antibiotic use in very and extremely low birth weight infants in Hunan Province / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the current status of antibiotic use for very and extremely low birth weight (VLBW/ELBW) infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of Hunan Province.@*METHODS@#The use of antibiotics was investigated in multiple level 3 NICUs of Hunan Province for VLBW and ELBW infants born between January, 2017 and December, 2017.@*RESULTS@#The clinical data of 1 442 VLBW/ELBW infants were collected from 24 NICUs in 2017. The median antibiotic use duration was 17 days (range: 0-86 days), accounting for 53.0% of the total length of hospital stay. The highest duration of antibiotic use was up to 91.4% of the total length of hospital stay, with the lowest at 14.6%. In 16 out of 24 NICUs, the antibiotic use duration was accounted for more than 50.0% of the hospitalization days. There were 113 cases with positive bacterial culture grown in blood or cerebrospinal fluid, making the positive rate of overall bacterial culture as 7.84%. The positive rate of bacterial culture in different NICUs was significantly different from 0% to 14.9%. The common isolated bacterial pathogens Klebsiella pneumoniae was 29 cases (25.7%); Escherichia coli 12 cases (10.6%); Staphylococcus aureus 3 cases (2.7%). The most commonly used antibiotics were third-generation of cephalosporins, accounting for 41.00% of the total antibiotics, followed by penicillins, accounting for 32.10%, and followed by carbapenems, accounting for 13.15%. The proportion of antibiotic use time was negatively correlated with birth weight Z-score and the change in weight Z-score between birth and hospital discharge (r=-0.095, -0.151 respectively, P<0.01), positively correlated with death/withdrawal of care (r=0.196, P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Antibiotics used for VLBW/ELBW infants in NICUs of Hunan Province are obviously prolonged in many NICUs. The proportion of routine use of third-generation of cephalosporins and carbapenems antibiotics is high among the NICUs.

Association between childhood neglect and the autonomic nerves disorder in students of sixth graders / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore prevalence of childhood neglect and autonomic nervous function, and its association in sixth graders students in Harbin, and to provide clues to improve physical and mental health of children and adolescents.@*Methods@#Cluster sampling method was used to select 1 259 students from grade 6 in 5 schools in two districts of Harbin, and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) and TOHO University Medical Index (TMI) were filled in.@*Results@#The total rate of childhood neglect was 45.7%, of which the rate of emotional neglect and physical neglect were 18.8%, 40.8%. The rate of autonomic nerves disorder was 47.2%. The rate of autonomic nerves disorder in students suffered from neglect, emotional neglect, physical neglect are higher than those without any of neglect(χ2=50.52, 32.02, 43.61, P<0.01), and with the increase of the degree of neglect, the rate of autonomic nervous disorder were gradually increasing(χ2=47.99, 47.07, 49.24, P<0.01). After controlled for gender, neglect, emotional neglect, physical neglect were positively associated with autonomic nerves disorder(OR=1.53-2.34, P<0.05), and the odd ratio for autonomic nerves disorder among those with mild-to-moderate,moderate-to-severe and extremely servere neglect was 1.37, 1.83, 5.10 compared to those with none or mild neglect.@*Conclusion@#Childhood neglect is closely related to adolescent the autonomic nerves disorder in sixth graders students in Harbin. Moreover, the more serious the childhood neglect is, the higher the detection rate of autonomic nerves disorder is. In order to improve the physical and mental health of children and adolescents, it is necessary to pay attention to childhood neglect and early assessment of their autonomic function.

Association between iron deficiency and prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity in pregnant and non-pregnant women of childbearing age: a cross-sectional study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) is prevalent among women of reproductive age and associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the association between iron nutritional status and the prevalence of TAI in women during the first trimester of pregnancy and in non-pregnant women of childbearing age.@*METHODS@#Cross-sectional analysis of 7463 pregnant women during the first trimester of pregnancy and 2185 non-pregnant women of childbearing age nested within the sub-clinical hypothyroid in early pregnancy study, a prospective collection of pregnant and non-pregnant women's data, was conducted in Liaoning province of China between 2012 and 2015. Serum thyrotropin, free thyroxine, thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAbs), thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAbs), serum ferritin, and urinary iodine were measured. Iron deficiency (ID) was defined as serum ferritin 150 μg/L. TPOAb-positive was defined as >34 U/mL and TgAb-positive was defined as >115 U/mL. Multilevel logistic regression was conducted to examine the association between TAI and different iron nutritional status after adjusting for potential confounders.@*RESULTS@#The prevalence of isolated TPOAb-positive was markedly higher in women with ID than those without ID, in both pregnant and non-pregnant women (6.28% vs. 3.23%, χ = 10.264, P = 0.002; 6.25% vs. 3.70%, χ = 3,791, P = 0.044; respectively). After adjusting for confounders and the cluster effect of hospitals, ID remained associated with TPOAb-positive in pregnant and non-pregnant women (odds ratio [OR]: 2.111, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.241-3.591, P = 0.006; and OR: 1.822, 95% CI: 1.011-3.282, P = 0.046, respectively).@*CONCLUSION@#ID was associated with a higher prevalence of isolated TPOAbs-positive, but not with isolated TgAb-positive, in both pregnant women during the first trimester of pregnancy and non-pregnant women of childbearing age, while IO was not associated with either isolated TPOAb-positive or isolated TgAb-positive.@*CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION@#ChiCTR-TRC-13003805, http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx.

Association between iron deficiency and prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity in pregnant and non-pregnant women of childbearing age: a cross-sectional study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#Thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) is prevalent among women of reproductive age and associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the association between iron nutritional status and the prevalence of TAI in women during the first trimester of pregnancy and in non-pregnant women of childbearing age.@*Methods@#Cross-sectional analysis of 7463 pregnant women during the first trimester of pregnancy and 2185 non-pregnant women of childbearing age nested within the sub-clinical hypothyroid in early pregnancy study, a prospective collection of pregnant and non-pregnant women’s data, was conducted in Liaoning province of China between 2012 and 2015. Serum thyrotropin, free thyroxine, thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAbs), thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAbs), serum ferritin, and urinary iodine were measured. Iron deficiency (ID) was defined as serum ferritin <15 μg/L and iron overload (IO) was defined as ferritin >150 μg/L. TPOAb-positive was defined as >34 U/mL and TgAb-positive was defined as >115 U/mL. Multilevel logistic regression was conducted to examine the association between TAI and different iron nutritional status after adjusting for potential confounders.@*Results@#The prevalence of isolated TPOAb-positive was markedly higher in women with ID than those without ID, in both pregnant and non-pregnant women (6.28% vs. 3.23%, χ2 = 10.264, P = 0.002; 6.25% vs. 3.70%, χ2 = 3,791, P = 0.044; respectively). After adjusting for confounders and the cluster effect of hospitals, ID remained associated with TPOAb-positive in pregnant and non-pregnant women (odds ratio [OR]: 2.111, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.241–3.591, P = 0.006; and OR: 1.822, 95% CI: 1.011–3.282, P = 0.046, respectively).@*Conclusion@#ID was associated with a higher prevalence of isolated TPOAbs-positive, but not with isolated TgAb-positive, in both pregnant women during the first trimester of pregnancy and non-pregnant women of childbearing age, while IO was not associated with either isolated TPOAb-positive or isolated TgAb-positive.@*Clinical trial registration@#ChiCTR-TRC-13003805, http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx.

Interpretation of Guidelines to Iodine Supplementation for Chinese Residents / 中国实用内科杂志

The article makes an interpretation of the key contents in the Guidelines to Iodine Supplementation for Chinese Residents published this year. Iodine is a key component of the thyroid hormone. Sufficient iodine intake is crucial for thyroid hormone synthesis and brain development of offspring. Universal salt iodization is the most effective strategy to compensate the iodine deficiency in daily food. For pregnant women, daily iodine requirements increase. Patients with autoimmune thyroiditis need to maintain adequate iodine status while the goiter patients should be distinguished whether it is caused by iodine deficiency or iodine excess. Iodine deficiency not only increases the prevalence of thyroid nodules but also increases the pathological types of anaplastic thyroid cancer and follicular thyroid cancer.

Anti-aggregation Effect and Short-term Safety Evaluation of Low-dose Aspirin Therapy in the Elderly Chinese Population: a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial / 中国循环杂志

Objectives: This study aimed to observe the change of arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation rate (AA-Ag) and short-term adverse reactions after taking 50 or 100 mg/d aspirin(enteric-coated sustained-release formulation) or 100 mg/d aspirin (enteric-coated aspirin tablet)in the elderly Chinese population (aged 60 years or older). Methods: A total of 1 194 participants aged 60 or older, who should be recommended to take aspirin therapy due to medical reasons, were recruited and randomly assigned into three groups to receive enteric-coated sustained-release aspirin tablet (50 mg, once daily, group A), or 100 mg, once daily (group B) or enteric-coated aspirin tablet 100 mg once daily (group C), respectively. AA-Ag was measured after (14±3)days of aspirin treatment. Adverse events and bleeding events were recorded during the (28±3)days of follow-up. Results: The AA-Ag in group A (n=347), B (n=338) and C (n=332) post 14-day aspirin therapy were 6.65 (4.03,10.84)%, 5.89(3.22,10.03) % and 6.00(3.68,10.09) %, respectively (P>0.05). During the 28 days follow-up, the adverse events rate of group A (n=388), B (n=387) and C (n=385) was 3.87%,3.36%, and 7.95%, and the mild bleeding events rate was 3.09%, 2.33%, and 6.23%, respectively. Adverse events rate and mild bleeding events rate were significantly higher in group C than in group A and B (P<0.05). Conclusions: Compared with 100 mg-dose aspirin, 50 mg-dose aspirin achieves similar anti-platelet aggregation effect in this elderly Chinese population. The short-term adverse events and mild bleeding risk of aspirin with enteric-coated sustained-release formulation were fewer than that of enteric-coated formulation.

Influence of Wnt/beta-catenin signal transduction pathway on the differentiation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells into hepatocyte-like cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells can be induced to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells in vitro and in vivo.However,the exact mechanism is still unknown. Existing studies have shown that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is closely related to this process. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway on the differentiation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells into hepatocyte-like cells and its potential molecular mechanism. METHODS: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were extracted from the neonatal umbilical cord by tissue adherent method. After being cultured and purified, the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells at passages 4-6 were divided into four groups: control group (DMEM culture group), hepatocyte-like differentiation group, activator Wnt3a group (adding 20 μg/L Wnt3a, an activator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, under the differentiation condition), and inhibitor Dkk-1 group (adding 20 μg/L Dkk-1, an inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, under the differentiation condition). Induced cells were collected respectively on days 7, 14, 21, 28. Their mRNA and protein expressions of α-fetoprotein (AFP), albumin (ALB), hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) and Cytokeratin-19 (CK-19) in the cells were detected by real-time quantitative PCR and western blot respectively. Meanwhile, Periodic Acid-Schiff staining, low-density lipoprotein uptake test and indocyanine green absorption test were applied to detect the function of hepatocyte-like cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, expressions of AFP and HNF4α mRNA and protein as well as ALB mRNA were significantly up-regulated in the hepatocyte-like differentiation group, activator Wnt3a group and inhibitor Dkk-1 group (P < 0.05). Whereas, there was a decrease in the CK-19 expression at mRNA and protein levels (P < 0.01) in these three groups. Compared with the hepatocyte-like differentiation group, the mRNA and protein expressions of AFP and HNF4α, and the mRNA expression of ALB were significantly down-regulated in the activator Wnt3a group (P < 0.05). Compared with hepatocyte-like differentiation group and activator Wnt3a group, the inhibitor Dkk-1 group had higher expression of AFP, HNF4α mRNA and their proteins as well as the mRNA expression of ALB (P <0.05). Findings from the Periodic Acid-Schiff staining, low-density lipoprotein uptake test and indocyanine green absorption test showed more positive cells in the inhibitor Dkk-1 group than in the hepatocyte-like differentiation group and least positive cells in the activator Wnt3a group. Overall, these findings suggest that the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway promotes the differentiation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells into hepatocyte-like cells;conversely,the cell differentiation can be inhibited via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Application and effect evaluation of disease adaptation intervention among patients undergoing early stage of peritoneal dialysis / 中华护理杂志

Objective To explore the effects of disease adaptation intervention in young and middle-aged patients undergoing early stage of peritoneal dialysis.Methods Using convenience sampling method,a total of 88 patients undergoing early stage of peritoneal dialysis were assigned into the experimental group and the control group from the inpatient ward of Nephrology Department of a tertiary hospital in Zhengzhou City.The experimental group received the comprehensive adaptation intervention and routine care,and the control group only received routine care.Before and after the intervention,the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale(PAIS-SR) and Short Form of 36 health survey questionnaire (SF-36) were used to assess the disease adaptability and quality of life of two groups,and the degree of edema and serum albumin index of two groups were recorded.Results Before and after the intervention,there were significant differences in the scores of psychosocial adaptation and each dimension,the scores of physical health and mental health in the experimental group,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜ 0.05);there were significant differences in the scores of psychosocial adaptation and each dimension in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05),but the differences of the scores of physical health and mental health were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).After the intervention,there were significant differences in the scores of psychosocial adaptation and each dimension,the scores of physical health and mental health between the two groups(P＜0.05);but the differences of serum albumin and edema index of two groups were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Conclusion Comprehensive adaptation intervention can improve the ability of disease adaptation and the quality of life in young and middle-aged patients undergoing early stage of peritoneal dialysis.

Clinical analysis of treatment of airway stenosis caused by advanced central lung cancer with bronchoscopic endobronchial ultrasound guided intratumoral injection of Cisplatin (10 cases) / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To explore the clinical application value of bronchoscopic endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) guided intratumoral injection of Cisplatin in treatment of airway stenosis caused by advanced central lung cancer. Methods The clinical data of 10 cases of airway stenosis caused by advanced central lung cancer between Nov 2015 and Jan 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Results 10 cases airway stenosis caused by advanced central lung cancer received EBUS guided intratumoral injection of Cisplatin treatment. Assessed by bronchoscopic, there were 8 cases of patients showed favorable effects after the treatment; Assessed by CT scan, 6 cases showed effects;And 8 cases relieved dyspnea. Conclusion EBUS guided intratumoral injection of Cisplatin in treatment of airway stenosis caused by advanced central lung cancer have some effect.

Effects of integrin on differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells / 生理学报

Integrin is a family of transmembrane heterodimer receptor formed by α and β two subunits, which transduces external signals into cells through reaction with extracellular matrix and is crucial to cell survival, migration, and differentiation. With the deep studies on multipotential differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), researchers found that the differentiation of MSCs depends on integrin related signaling pathways, including MAPK, Wnt and PI3K signaling pathways and so on. However, there are many factors affecting the expression and activation of integrin, such as nano morphology microenvironment, ascorbic acid, bone morphogenetic protein-2, fibronectin, cadherin, fluid shear stress and so on. In this review, we mainly discuss the integrin expression, the promoting effects of integrin on the differentiation of MSCs and their underlying mechanisms.

Value of non-real-time radial probe endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial lung biopsy in the diagnosis of peripheral lung cancer and analysis of false negative results / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of non-real-time radial probe endobronchial ultrasound (RP-EBUS) guided transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) for peripheral lung cancer and analysis of false negative results. Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical and imaging data of 256 patients with peripheral lung cancer between March 2013 and December 2016, all the cases underwent non-real-time RP-EBUS guided TBLB, then evaluate its significance in the diagnosis of peripheral lung cancer and analyze the reasons of false negative results. Result In 256 patients who received non-real-time RP-EBUS examinations, 73.83% (189/256) of peripheral lung cancer were detected by RP-EBUS and the positive rate of RP-EBUS guided TBLB was 61.33% (157/256). The positive rate of non-real-time RP-EBUS guided TBLB was correlated with lesions >2 cm in diameter, lesions close to visceral pleura, ultrasonic image characteristics and the RP-EBUS probe surrounding by lesion (P < 0.05). The positive rate of non-real-time RP-EBUS guided TBLB was not correlated with RP-EBUS probe passed through lesions and times of biopsy (P > 0.05). Complications including bleeding, chest pain and pneumothorax recovered spontaneously. Conclusion Non-real-time RP-EBUS guided TBLB was a practical technology for diagnosis of peripheral lung cancer with high diagnostic rate and good safety. Lesion size, connection to visceral pleura, ultrasonic image characteristics and the RP-EBUS probe surrounding by lesion influenced the diagnostic yield. Improvement of operative skills can reduce false negative results.

Research advances on late intraocular lens dislocation after phacoemulsification / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Late intraocular lens dislocation is one of the most severe late complications after phacoemulsification.It often occurs 3mo after the surgery.Different from early intraocular lens dislocation, late intraocular lens dislocation is caused by zonular dehiscence and contraction of the capsular bag many years after phacoemulsification.In recent years, the incidence of late intraocular lens dislocation gradually increases, having a risk of 0.1% after 10a and 1.7% after 25a.In the long-term follow-up patients who underwent cataract surgery, 90% had zonular insufficiency and capsular contraction.Among the multiple factors which may contribute to zonular weakness and capsular contraction, pseudoexfoliation is the most common cause, accounting for 50% of all the cases.Other risk factors include aging, high myopia, uveitis, trauma, previous vitreoretinal surgery, retinitis pigmentosa, diabetes mellitus, atopic dermatitis, previous acute angle-closure glaucoma attack, and connective tissue disorders.The understanding of these predisposing factors will suggest necessary preventions for high-risk patients in the future.

Effects of interleukin-34 expressed by human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells on THP-1 cells / 生物工程学报

To construct recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid vector of human IL-34 gene, and to study the effects of IL-34 expressed by human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) on THP-1 cells. Full-length IL-34 encoding sequence was amplified by PCR. And this fragment was cloned into the plasmid pIRES2-EGFP. Western blotting and ELISA were used to analyze the expression of IL-34 in hBM-MSCs. THP-1 cells were cultured with hBM-MSCs medium containing IL-34 protein. Real-time PCR detected the effects of IL-34 on the expression of IL-10 and TNFα in THP-1 cells. Restrictive enzyme analysis and sequencing demonstrated that IL-34 eukaryotic expression vector was successfully constructed. IL-34 protein expressed by hBM-MSCs could promote IL-10 and TNFα expression in THP-1 cells. Those results show that IL-34 expressed by hBM-MSCs has regulating effect on THP-1 cells.